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Elijah Muhammad (October 7, 1897 - February 25, 1975)

Elijah Muhammad, known as the most prominent leader of the Nation of Islam (NOI), was born Elijah Poole in Sandersville, Georgia. Muhammad grew up in the segregated South and worked alongside his family as a sharecropper. In 1917, he married Clara Evans and by 1923, Muhammad and his wife moved to Detroit, Michigan in order to find better living and employment opportunities. Once in Detroit, Muhammad worked in the automobile industry until he was laid off from his job during the Great Depression.

During his time of unemployment, Elijah met the founder of the NOI, Wallace Fard. Muhammad was captivated by Fard’s teachings of Black Islam and racial supremacy. In 1931, Elijah Poole joined the Nation and changed his name to Elijah Muhammad. That same year, he quickly rose to power as Fard named him Chief Minister of the Nation of Islam.

As leader of the Nation of Islam, Muhammad dedicated himself towards expanding the organization by teaching against white supremacy. His teachings that white people were devils who were created spe

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400 pp., 6.125 x 9.25, appends., notes, bibl., index

Paperback ISBN: 978-1-4696-1805-0
Published: September 2014
E-book EPUB ISBN: 978-1-4696-1806-7
Published: September 2014
E-book PDF ISBN: 979-8-8908-4773-7
Published: September 2014

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Elijah Muhammad (1897-1975) was one of the most significant and controversial black leaders of the twentieth century. His followers called him the Messenger of Allah, while his critics labeled him a teacher of hate. Southern by birth, Muhammad moved north, eventually serving as the influential head of the Nation of Islam for over forty years. Claude Clegg III not only chronicles Muhammad’s life, but also examines the history of American black nationalists and the relationship between Islam and the African American experience.

In this authoritative biography, which also covers half a century of the evolution of the Nation of Islam, Clegg charts Muhammad's early life, his brush with Jim Crow in the South

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Elijah Muhammad

African American religious leader (1897–1975)

Elijah Muhammad
Elijah Muhammad speaking in 1964
In office 1933–1975
Preceded by	Wallace Fard Muhammad^[1]
Succeeded by	Warith Deen Mohammed
Born	Elijah Robert Poole (1897-10-07)October 7, 1897 Sandersville, Georgia, U.S.
Died	February 25, 1975(1975-02-25) (aged 77) Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Spouse	Clara Muhammad (m. 1917; died 1972)
Children	at least 23 (8 with his wife, 15 with other women), including Jabir, Warith, and Akbar
Occupation	Leader of the Nation of Islam

Elijah Muhammad (born Elijah Robert Poole; October 7, 1897 – February 25, 1975) was an American religious leader, black separatist, and self-proclaimed Messenger of Allah who led the Nation of Islam (NOI) from 1933 until his death in 1975.^[1]^[2]^[3] Elijah Muhammad was also the teacher and mentor of Malcolm X, Louis Farrakhan, Muhammad Ali, and his son, Warith Deen Mohammed.

In the 1930s,